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Geological and geomorphological research of Sarmishsay river.
According to the first Geological and geomorphological scientific research of geologists the Sarmishsay valley consists of layers from the Cambrian-Ordovic-Silurian period. Most of the petroglyphs were carved on sandstones, black or gray coloured shales, and siltstones belonging to the Silurian period. The layers of stones crumpled and cracked. There are two types of crackings of stone layers: large-long, and small-horizontal cracks. The stone layers can be easily noticed on the both sides of the Sarmishsay River. The layers are well defined on the map. The Sarmishsay valley has a complicated gemorphological structure. The crowded areas of petrogyphs (1-10groups) are divided into several parts. The First part consists of wide area with hills and mild stonelayers. It seems that old layers are under deep cultural layers. The embankments of the river consist of black silt-sandstones and shalestones. The Second part is “Y” shaped with soil layer on the top. This part differes from the first part with its geomorphologic structure. The shape of the river is very narrow at this part. The oldest petroglyphs dating neolit period are located at this place. There was a springing neolit perid and people drawed petroglyphs on the stones. The spring was destroyed by strong torrent 3 thousand year ago. As the result of torrent the present flat area formed. The destroyed travertine remainings are notable. The samples of travertine layers were studied at the laboratory and the period was identified. This layer belongs to the period of 6-3 thousand years B.C. this means that the spring existed in neolit period. The large size of the spring describes the high pressure of underground water. The destruction of the spring occurred in a moment. The destruction of the spring led to people’s move to other places for living. (resume from the article of B.J. Aubekerov).
